This course is an introduction to the political theory of Republicanism. The first part of the course traces the origins and developments of Republican political thought in the Roman Republic and its successive iterations during the Italian Renaissance, the English Civil War, the European Enlightenment, and the foundation of the American Republic through the works of authors such as Sallust, Cicero, Polybius, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau, or Kant, but also Filmer, Harrington, Jefferson, Madison, and Arendt. The second part of the course turns to contemporary debates regarding collective self-government focusing on neo-Republicanism and its critiques. After surveying the works of the three most important voices in that tradition, Pocock, Skinner, and Pettit, and examining the recent theory of Republican liberty as non-domination, the course ends with a series of thematic investigations around the notions of democracy, representation, liberalism, as well as race, class, gender, and power, scrutinizing for each whether and how a Republican framework of analysis might help better understand and clarify the issue at stake.